{"id":1645,"date":"2021-04-16T00:13:43","date_gmt":"2021-04-15T22:13:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/news\/?p=1645"},"modified":"2021-04-16T00:13:46","modified_gmt":"2021-04-15T22:13:46","slug":"writing-the-long-term-history-of-sexual-harassment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/cfp\/writing-the-long-term-history-of-sexual-harassment\/1645\/","title":{"rendered":"Writing the long-term history of sexual harassment"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Clementine Tholas<\/strong> &lt;<a href=\"mailto:ctholas@gmail.com\">ctholas@gmail.com<\/a>&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00e8res coll\u00e8gues, chers coll\u00e8gues<br>La question sur du harc\u00e8lement sexuel et des violences sexuelles et sexistes est au coeur des activit\u00e9s acad\u00e9miques et des initiatives p\u00e9dagogiques de l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 2021. Au del\u00e0 de la mobilisation \u00e9tudiante r\u00e9cente sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, dans la rue et dans les m\u00e9dias, les chercheurs et chercheuses contribuent \u00e0 mettre en lumi\u00e8re des pratiques pass\u00e9es et pr\u00e9sentes comme en attestent les initiatives suivantes:<br>1) Un collectif inter-universitaire pr\u00e9pare un <strong>documentaire [ \u00ab\u00a0Briser le Silence des Amphis\u00a0\u00bb] sur le harc\u00e8lement et les VSS \u00e0 l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 pour l&rsquo;autome&nbsp;2021<\/strong>. Plus d&rsquo;informations disponibles sur le lien suivant:&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.univ-paris3.fr\/chargee-de-mission-pour-l-egalite-femmes-hommes-egalite-des-sexes-et-etudes-de-genre--348074.kjsp?RH=1178873365342\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">http:\/\/www.univ-paris3.fr\/chargee-de-mission-pour-l-egalite-femmes-hommes-egalite-des-sexes-et-etudes-de-genre&#8211;348074.kjsp?RH=1178873365342<\/a><br>2) Le colloque organis\u00e9 par l<strong>&lsquo;UVSQ les 9 et 10 d\u00e9cembre 2021: <\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0<strong>\u00c9crire l\u2019histoire du harc\u00e8lement sexuel sur la longue dur\u00e9e&nbsp;: nommer, d\u00e9noncer, repr\u00e9senter, mettre en image ou en musique\u00a0\u00bb <\/strong>( appel d\u00e9taill\u00e9 ci-apr\u00e8s).<br>Bien \u00e0 vous,<br>Cl\u00e9mentine TholasMCF en civilisation am\u00e9ricaineUniversit\u00e9 Sorbonne Nouvelle<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Appel \u00e0 communications.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Colloque Projet AVISA. 9-10 D\u00e9<\/strong><strong>cembre 2021.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00c9crire l\u2019histoire du harc\u00e8lement sexuel sur la longue dur\u00e9e&nbsp;: nommer, d\u00e9noncer, repr\u00e9senter, mettre en image ou en musique.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce colloque entre dans le projet AVISA co-dirig\u00e9 par Armel Dubois-Nayt de l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Versailles-Saint-Quentin (DYPAC) et R\u00e9jane Vall\u00e9e de l\u2019universit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00c9vry Val d\u2019Essonne (Centre Pierre Naville en collaboration avec le SLAM) avec le soutien de la Maison des Sciences de l\u2019Homme Paris-Saclay et le parrainage de la SIEFAR et de la SAGEF. Ce projet entend ouvrir le chantier de l\u2019historicisation sur la longue p\u00e9riode du ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne social qualifi\u00e9 aujourd\u2019hui de harc\u00e8lement sexuel en mobilisant la litt\u00e9rature, l\u2019histoire, le cin\u00e9ma, les arts. Pour une pr\u00e9sentation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, voir le site&nbsp;:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/avisa.huma-num.fr\/s\/avisa\/page\/accueil\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/avisa.huma-num.fr\/s\/avisa\/page\/accueil<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fran\u00e7oise H\u00e9ritier s\u2019interrogeait quelque temps avant sa mort sur le moment historique que l\u2019Occident vit sous l\u2019effet de l\u2019affaire Harvey Weinstein, un moment qui semble marquer une rupture de sensibilit\u00e9 sur la question du harc\u00e8lement sexuel et qui correspondrait \u00e0 une lib\u00e9ration de la parole des femmes devant les violences qu\u2019elles subissent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour \u00e9tablir la singularit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00e8re post-Weinstein, il appara\u00eet cependant n\u00e9cessaire de consid\u00e9rer le harc\u00e8lement sexuel comme un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne historique ayant connu des occurrences ant\u00e9rieures \u00e0 la post-modernit\u00e9, une position d\u00e9j\u00e0 d\u00e9fendue en 1994 par Carol Bacchi et Jim Jose, qui mettaient en garde contre la tendance \u00e0 repr\u00e9senter le harc\u00e8lement sexuel comme une \u00ab&nbsp;d\u00e9couverte&nbsp;\u00bb des mouvements f\u00e9ministes actuels (Bacchi &amp; Jose 263). Telle est la dynamique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du projet AVISA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le harc\u00e8lement sexuel est ici entendu, hors d\u2019une d\u00e9finition juridique pr\u00e9cise en raison d\u2019une recherche sur la longue p\u00e9riode et dans plusieurs espaces g\u00e9ographiques, dans un cadre conceptuel qui englobe sa version fran\u00e7aise et sa version anglophone. Dans ce cadre, le harc\u00e8lement sexuel est ici entendu comme le fait d\u2019incommoder quelqu\u2019un&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>en tenant de mani\u00e8re r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e des propos \u00e0 caract\u00e8re sexuel ou en effectuant des gestes \u00e0 caract\u00e8re sexuel (lorgnades, sifflements, cris, etc\u2026)<\/li><li>en imposant des contacts physiques non d\u00e9sir\u00e9s (baisers, attouchements, pincements, etc\u2026) constituant une agression.<\/li><li>en faisant des avances sexuelles non d\u00e9sir\u00e9<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Le harc\u00e8lement sexuel peut pr\u00e9c\u00e9der dans le temps et pr\u00e9c\u00e8de dans la hi\u00e9rarchie des violences sexuelles la coercition sexuelle ou le viol. Il consiste en des micro-agressions assimilables selon la formule de Mary Bularzik \u00e0 un \u00ab&nbsp;petit viol&nbsp;\u00bb puisqu\u2019elles constituent une invasion de la personne par suggestion ou par intimidation en confrontant la victime, de mani\u00e8re plus ou moins frontale, \u00e0 sa vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 (Bularzik 118). Le harc\u00e8lement sexuel est donc une forme de pression qui vise \u00e0 d\u00e9stabiliser une personne pour qu\u2019elle c\u00e8de et s\u2019abandonne \u00e0 l\u2019acte sexuel. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un outil d\u2019emprise mentale qui annihile toute forme possible de consentement et dont l\u2019invisibilit\u00e9 est nourrie par le soup\u00e7on r\u00e9current de la fausset\u00e9 de la r\u00e9sistance f\u00e9minine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019histoire du harc\u00e8lement sous l\u2019angle des repr\u00e9sentations implique dans un premier temps de retrouver son existence s\u00e9miotique. Il s\u2019agira donc pour nous de reconstituer le lexique du harc\u00e8lement sexuel \u00e0 travers les si\u00e8cles car les cat\u00e9gorisations contemporaines dans les diff\u00e9rents espaces linguistiques couverts sont impropres \u00e0 saisir la compr\u00e9hension des actes qui rel\u00e8vent de ces formes de violence \u00e0 d\u2019autres \u00e9poques (Myriam Soria 58). Alain Boureau a soulign\u00e9 la difficult\u00e9 \u00e0 trouver un nom \u00e0 ce d\u00e9lit, \u00e0 la fois neuf et ancien, entr\u00e9 dans le code p\u00e9nal en France en 1992 sous le terme de \u00ab&nbsp;harc\u00e8lement sexuel&nbsp;\u00bb, une expression qui selon lui ne convient pas car elle est la traduction du&nbsp;<em>sexual harassment<\/em>&nbsp;anglais et \u00ab&nbsp;renvoie \u00e0 un syst\u00e8me m\u00e9taphorique de l\u2019assaut et de la guerre propre \u00e0 la version am\u00e9ricaine de la&nbsp;<em>common law<\/em>\u00bb (Boureau 9). Il r\u00e9fute&nbsp;\u00e9galement l\u2019usage m\u00e9taphorique par la presse \u00e0 la m\u00eame \u00e9poque du terme \u00ab&nbsp;droit de cuissage&nbsp;\u00bb appliqu\u00e9 au monde de l\u2019entreprise puisque ce droit seigneurial rel\u00e8ve de la mythographie en tant que norme juridique de la France m\u00e9di\u00e9vale (Boureau 251-253). Cela ne signifie pas pour autant qu\u2019il faille renoncer \u00e0 reconstituer le lexique sous lequel \u00ab&nbsp;le probl\u00e8me diffus, difficile&nbsp;\u00e0 \u00e9tiqueter, de l\u2019utilisation masculine du pouvoir social \u00e0 des fins sexuelles&nbsp;\u00bb (Boureau 18) a \u00e9t\u00e9&nbsp;signal\u00e9 et d\u00e9nonc\u00e9. D\u2019autant que les termes \u00ab&nbsp;harceler&nbsp;\u00bb&nbsp;et&nbsp;\u00ab&nbsp;harasser&nbsp;\u00bb sont usit\u00e9s pour renvoyer \u00e0 ce type de violence sexuelle d\u00e8s le 16<sup>\u00e8me<\/sup>&nbsp;si\u00e8cle comme en atteste une idillie de Jean Vauquelin de La Fresnaye dans laquelle une berg\u00e8re reproche express\u00e9ment \u00e0 un chasseur de la \u00ab&nbsp;harceler&nbsp;\u00bb et de la \u00ab&nbsp;harasser&nbsp;\u00bb ( Travers 586). La difficult\u00e9 de d\u00e9nomination rencontr\u00e9e par Alain Boureau tient au fait qu\u2019il n\u2019envisage le harc\u00e8lement sexuel que dans un contexte de relations sociales de travail, ce qui n\u2019est pas notre cas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans le cadre de ce premier colloque, il s\u2019agira d\u2019interroger les sources historiques, litt\u00e9raires, filmiques et artistiques pour&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>retrouver des victimes pass\u00e9es de ce marqueur de la domination masculine et les rendre \u00e0 nouveau visibles en s\u2019interrogeant notamment sur la relation de pouvoir &#8211; qu\u2019elle soit \u00e9conomique, politique, mat\u00e9rielle ou symbolique &#8211; entre l\u2019auteur et la victime ou \u00e0 l\u2019aune sociale des cat\u00e9gories f\u00e9minines (vierge, femme mari\u00e9e, veuve, nonne, femme c\u00e9libataire).<\/li><li>reconstruire le lexique juridique, litt\u00e9raire ou ordinaire utilis\u00e9 selon les \u00e9poques et selon les lieux, pour qualifier des actes dont il faudra d\u00e9terminer s\u2019ils \u00e9taient licites ou illicites \u00e0 travers l\u2019analyse des normes litt\u00e9raires ou sociales et les r\u00e8gles th\u00e9oriques de la p\u00e9riode. Les \u00e9volutions lexicales vers des usages linguistiques communs seront des preuves \u00e9ventuelles que le harc\u00e8lement sexuel a pu, \u00e0 d\u2019autres \u00e9poques que la p\u00e9riode contemporaine, participer \u00e0 la construction d\u2019une identit\u00e9 de genre dans la mesure o\u00f9 il \u00e9tait impos\u00e9 \u00e0 une cat\u00e9gorie sociale qui se reconnaissait implicitement comme telle.<\/li><li>Les analogies animales et les bestiaires form\u00e9s pour d\u00e9noncer ces agissements, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de la campagne lanc\u00e9e contre le harc\u00e8lement dans les transports franciliens \u2013 IDF en 2018 qui repr\u00e9sentait les auteurs d\u2019agression par des animaux, pourront \u00e9galement faire l\u2019objet de propositions de communication.<\/li><li>De la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re, les communications confrontant les mots des victimes \u00e0 ceux de leurs harceleurs se retranchant par exemple derri\u00e8re l\u2019amour, l\u2019humour, la plaisanterie ou la familiarit\u00e9, permettront de mieux cerner les raisons \u00e9ventuelles de l\u2019absence de r\u00e9action face \u00e0 ce type de violences faites aux femmes dans un lieu donn\u00e9 \u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9. Les communications faisant entendre les voix de femmes qui ont d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 ces actes dans leurs t\u00e9moignages, leurs correspondances ou leurs \u0153uvres sont \u00e9galement les bienvenues.<\/li><li>Nous invitons les communications analysant de sc\u00e8nes de harc\u00e8lement sexuel au cin\u00e9ma ou dans les s\u00e9ries t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9es. On pourra ainsi \u00e9tudier comment le harc\u00e8lement sexuel est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9, avec quelles images et quels sons.<\/li><li>Si au cin\u00e9ma, les viols et agressions sexuelles semblent de prime abord plus spectaculaires et pr\u00e9sents, un rapide examen de corpus montre qu\u2019au contraire, le harc\u00e8lement sexuel est particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9sent, mais particuli\u00e8rement banalis\u00e9, au d\u00e9tour d\u2019une phrase, d\u2019une situation, d\u2019une sc\u00e8ne, en \u00e9tant rarement au c\u0153ur du film en question. La fonction comique ou dramatique dans une intrigue ainsi que le parti pris du metteur en sc\u00e8ne ou de l\u2019artiste et la r\u00e9ception par le public ou la critique, pourront \u00eatre des axes d\u2019analyse compl\u00e9mentaires. Il sera aussi possible de se demander si le genre du film, la nationalit\u00e9, la p\u00e9riode, l\u2019\u00e9quipe de r\u00e9alisation\u2026 ont eu un impact sur la nature de cette repr\u00e9sentation, ainsi que le support. Ainsi, le temps long de la s\u00e9rie t\u00e9l\u00e9vis\u00e9e permet-il de repr\u00e9senter autrement le harc\u00e8lement sexuel ?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Enfin, les contributions en histoire de l\u2019art pourront analyser le syst\u00e8me de signification qui structure la composition des \u0153uvres. On pourra s\u2019interroger&nbsp; sur&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>la nature de la figuration de ce type de violence sexuelle (\u00e9rotique, moralisante, misogyne,\u2026) dans la peinture ou le dessin,<\/li><li>le rapport de sexe dans ces tableaux ou dessins,<\/li><li>la fonction id\u00e9ologique du d\u00e9cor susceptible de naturaliser ou au contraire d\u2019urbaniser le harc\u00e8lement sexuel mais \u00e9galement de le rattacher \u00e0 une classe sociale (classes luxueuses et luxurieuses, ou au contraire classes inf\u00e9rieures et immorales \u2026 ),<\/li><li>les identifications possibles ou attendues du spectateur au voyeur, au harceleur ou \u00e0 la victime.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Il s\u2019agira par le biais de ces interventions d\u2019envisager sur le long terme de l\u2019histoire du cin\u00e9ma, de la t\u00e9l\u00e9vision et des arts, les croyances et les perceptions autour du harc\u00e8lement sexuel qu\u2019ils ont v\u00e9hicul\u00e9es ainsi que la mani\u00e8re dont ils ont relay\u00e9 les id\u00e9es re\u00e7ues sur les profils de harceleurs et des victimes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les propositions de communication (environ 250 mots) devront \u00eatre envoy\u00e9es, accompagn\u00e9es d\u2019une courte notice bio-bibliographique, pour le 15 juin 2021 aux adresses suivantes&nbsp;:&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:armel.dubois-nayt@uvsq.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">armel.dubois-nayt@uvsq.fr<\/a>&nbsp;et&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:rejane.vallee@univ-evry.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rejane.vallee@univ-evry.fr<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si les conditions sanitaires l\u2019exigent, le colloque se tiendra les 9 et 10 d\u00e9cembre 2021 dans un format hybrid\u00e9 en pr\u00e9sentiel \u00e0 Versailles et \u00e0 \u00c9vry et en distanciel&nbsp;afin de pouvoir accueillir tous les participant\u00b7es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comit\u00e9 scientifique&nbsp;: Mathilde Bombart (Universit\u00e9 de Versailles-Saint-Quentin), Susan Baddeley (Universit\u00e9 de Versailles-Saint-Quentin) , Line Cottegnies (Sorbonne Universit\u00e9), Brigitte Gauthier (Universit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00c9vry Val d\u2019Essonne), Marie-Elisabeth Henneau (Universit\u00e9 de Li\u00e8ge), Didier Lett (Universit\u00e9 de Paris), Caroline Muller (Universit\u00e9 de Rennes 2), Guillaume Peureux (Universit\u00e9 Paris Nanterre), Anne Rochebouet (Universit\u00e9 de Versailles-Saint-Quentin), Sarah Sepulchre (Universit\u00e9 catholique de Louvain), Sylvie Steinberg (Ecole des hautes \u00e9tudes en sciences sociales).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comit\u00e9 d\u2019organisation&nbsp;: Armel Dubois-Nayt (Universit\u00e9 de Versailles-Saint-Quentin), Louise Piguet (Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Nouvelle), Chlo\u00e9 Tardivel (Universit\u00e9 de Paris), R\u00e9jane Vall\u00e9e (Universit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00c9vry Val d\u2019Essonne).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Bibliographie&nbsp;indicative :<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Carol Bacchi et Jim Jose,&nbsp;\u00ab&nbsp;Historicising Sexual Harassment&nbsp;\u00bb, Women\u2019s History Review, 3.2, 1994, 263-270.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Carrie N. Baker,&nbsp;<em>The Women<\/em><em>\u2019<\/em><em>s Movement against Sexual Har<\/em><em>assment<\/em>, Cambridge, CUP, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Julie Berebitsky,&nbsp;<em>Sex and the Office: a History of Gender, Power, and Desire<\/em>, New Haven : Yale University Press, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Alain Boureau<em>, Le droit de cuissage&nbsp;: la fabrication d\u2019<\/em><em>un mythe<\/em><em>&nbsp;: (XIIIe-XXe si\u00e8<\/em><em>cle)<\/em>, Paris, Albin Michel, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Mary Bularzik, \u00ab&nbsp;Sexual harassment in the workplace&nbsp;: Historical notes&nbsp;\u00bb, 12 Radical America, 25, 28-38 , 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Aubrey Dillon- Malone,&nbsp;<em>Hollywoo<\/em><em>d\u2019<\/em><em>s Second Sex: the Treatment of Women in the Film Industry, 1900-1999,&nbsp;<\/em>Jefferson, North Carolina&nbsp;: McFarland &amp; Company, Inc., Publishers, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Faye E. Dudden,&nbsp;\u201cServing Women&nbsp;: Household Service in Nineteenth Century America\u201d, 213-219 (1983).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; St\u00e9phanie Gaudillat Cautela, \u00ab&nbsp;Questions de mot. Le Viol au XVIe si\u00e8cle, un crime contre les femmes&nbsp;\u00bb, Clio HFS, 24, 2006, p. 57-74.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Annette L\u00e9vy-Willard,&nbsp;<em>Chroniques d\u2019une onde de choc= #MeToo secoue la plan\u00e8te<\/em>, Paris, \u00c9ditions de l\u2019Observatoire, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Marie-Victoire Louis,&nbsp;<em>Le droit de cuissage : France, 1860-1930<\/em>, Paris : \u00c9ditions de l&rsquo;Atelier, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Catharine A. MacKinnon,&nbsp;<em>Butterfly Politics<\/em>, Cambridge, Massachusetts&nbsp;: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Merlin-Kajman, La litt\u00e9rature \u00e0 l\u2019heure de #Metoo, Paris, les \u00e9ditions d\u2019Ithaque, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Stephen J. Morewitz,&nbsp;<em>Sexual harassment &amp; social change in American society<\/em>, San Francisco &amp; London, Austin &amp; Winfield, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ruth Roser,&nbsp;<em>The Lost Sisterhood<\/em><em>: Prostitution in America, 1900-1918<\/em>, p. 152-155 (1982).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kerry Segrave,&nbsp;<em>The sexual harassment of women in the workplace, 1600 to 1993<\/em>, Jefferson, N.C. ; London : McFarland, c1994.<br><em>Id<\/em>,&nbsp;Beware the Masher&nbsp;: Sexual Harassment in American Public Places, 1880-1930, Jefferson, North Carolina&nbsp;: McFarland &amp; Company, Inc., Publishers, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Laura W. Stein,&nbsp;<em>Sexual Harassment in America<\/em><em>: a Documentary History<\/em>, Westport, Conn.&nbsp;; London&nbsp;; Greenwood Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Fed Strebeigh,&nbsp;<em>Equal<\/em><em>: Women Reshape American Law<\/em>, New York, London, W.W. Norton, 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Julien Travers (ed.),&nbsp;<em>Les diverses po\u00e9sies de Jean Vauquelin Sieur de la Fresnaie<\/em>, Caen, F. Le Blanc-Hardel, 1870, Tome 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Judith R. Walkowitz,&nbsp;\u00ab&nbsp;Shopping, Street Harassment, and Streetwalking in Late Victorian London&nbsp;\u00bb,&nbsp;<em>Representations<\/em>, 62, 1998, p. 1-30.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>&nbsp;____________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Call for Papers.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Avisa project conference 9-10 December 2021.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Writing the long-term history of sexual harassment: naming, denouncing, representing, picturing and putting to music.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This conference is part of the AVISA project co-directed by&nbsp;Armel Dubois-Nayt from the University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin (DYPAC) and R\u00e9jane Vall\u00e9e from the University of \u00c9vry Val d\u2019Essonne (Centre Pierre Naville in partnership with the SLAM research centre) and funded by the MSH-Paris-Saclay with the sponsorship of SIEFAR and SAGEF. This project aims at laying the foundations of the historicization of the social phenomenon known today as sexual harassment by recovering its historical occurrences but also turning to its representations in literature, the visual and performing arts as well as the cinema. For an overview of the project see:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/avisa.huma-num.fr\/s\/avisa\/page\/accueil\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/avisa.huma-num.fr\/s\/avisa\/page\/accueil<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Shortly before her death, Fran\u00e7oise H\u00e9ritier reflected on the historical moment that the Western world had been facing in the wake of the Weinstein case. This moment seems to be marking a departure from the way in which sexual harassment has hitherto been perceived while granting women the freedom to speak about the violence they experience.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To establish the historical singularity of the post-Weinstein era, it is however necessary to consider sexual harassment as a historical phenomenon which can be traced back to the Middle Ages. That epistemological stance was adopted as early as 1994 by Carol Bacchi and Jim Jose who cautioned against the tendency to represent sexual harassment as a \u201cdiscovery\u201d of contemporary feminist movements (Bacchi &amp; Jose 263). This is the overall dynamic of the AVISA project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As we are collectively working over a long period of time and several geographical areas, sexual harassment is understood here outside a precise legal framework and within a conceptual framework that encompasses its various versions in Europe. It therefore includes acts of unwelcome social behaviour, such as:<br>&#8211; repeatedly making comments or gestures of a sexual nature (eye contact, whistling, shouting, etc&#8230;)<br>&#8211; imposing unwanted physical contact (kissing, touching, pinching, etc.)<br>&#8211; making unwanted sexual advances.<br>Sexual harassment may come before sexual coercion or rape just as it does in the hierarchy of sexual violence. It consists of micro-aggressions, which as Mary Bularzik put it, can be likened to \u201cpetty rape\u201d since they represent an invasion of an individual by suggestion or intimidation through a more or less brutal confrontation of the victim with their vulnerability (Bularzik 118). Sexual harassment is therefore a form of pressure aimed at destabilising a person so that they will give in and cave into the sexual act. It is a tool of mental control which annihilates any possible form of consent and which is rendered invisible by the recurring suspicion that women fake resistance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Studying the history of sexual harassment through the lens of its representations first involves recovering its semiotic existence. In the first instance, this entails reconstituting the vocabulary of sexual harassment and its evolution over the centuries since contemporary categories, in the various linguistic areas covered, are inadequate to grasp how acts that would fall under this qualification of violence in today\u2019s terms were understood and described (Myriam Soria 58) in the past. Alain Boureau has stressed the difficulty of finding a name for this offence, which is both old and new and which entered the French penal code in 1972 under the term&nbsp;<em>harc\u00e8lement sexuel<\/em>, a phrase which, in his opinion, is not appropriate as it is the translation of the English \u201csexual harassment\u201d which \u201crefers to a metaphorical system of assault and war specific to the American version of the&nbsp;<em>common law<\/em>\u201d (Boureau 9). He also disapproved of the metaphorical use of&nbsp;<em>droit de cuissage<\/em>&nbsp;in the business world as he demonstrated that a Lord\u2019s First-night as a legal norm in medieval France was nothing but a myth. This does not mean however that we should give up the idea of reconstructing the vocabulary used to report and denounce \u201cthe disseminated problem, difficult to label, which covers the social use of social power by men for sexual purposes\u201d (Boureau 18). All the more so as the terms&nbsp;<em>harceler<\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>harasser<\/em>&nbsp;were used in French, although very occasionally, to refer to this type of violence as early as the sixteenth century as attested by an Idyll by Jean Vauquelin de La Fresnay in which a shepherdess reproaches a hunter with his behaviour in those terms. The difficulty encountered by Alain Boureau in naming such acts stems from the fact that he considers sexual harassment in an exclusively work context, which is not our focus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this session, through historical and literary sources as well as films and works of art, we seek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>To recover past victims of this signifier of male domination to make them visible again while addressing the power relations \u2013 be they economical, political, material, or symbolical \u2013 between the harasser and his victim and\/or the social category of the woman involved (maid, wife, widow, nun, spinster).<\/li><li>To reconstruct the legal, literary and ordinary vocabulary used in different places and at different times to describe these acts while specifying whether they were lawful or unlawful, authorised or unauthorised on the basis of an analysis of the literary norms, social mores or theoretical rules of the time. The lexical evolution towards a common linguistic usage might be evidence that sexual harassment was not only experienced in an individual life but also that it took part in the construction of a gender identity, since it was linked to a social category that implicitly recognized itself as such.<\/li><li>We also invite papers that will study the animal analogies and bestiaries drawn to denounce these acts, such as the one displayed in the campaign against sexual harassment launched by the Ile de France transport association in 2018.<\/li><li>To shed light on the reasons that might explain the lack of reaction to this type of violence against women, this may also encompass contributions that will confront the words of the victims to those of their harassers who hide behind love, humour, jokes or familiarity.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>We also welcome papers that will comment scenes of sexual harassment in movies or in TV series. This may involve considering how they are shot and represent sexual harassment both in terms of images and sounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although rape and sexual assault seem at first glance more marked and present in films, a quick examination of the corpus shows that sexual harassment, in contrast, is notably frequent. It is however trivialized, in trite remarks, situations or scenes and is rarely at the heart of a film. The comic or dramatic function in the plot as well as the director\u2019s bias and the way it was received\/perceived by the audience and the critics is also of interest to us. Contributions may also consider how the genre of the film, its nationality, period or the director-producer team impact the nature of this representation as well as its format. For instance, can we consider that the long format of the TV series offers the possibility to represent sexual harassment in a different way?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally we invite art historians to examine the systems of meaning which structure works of art that deal with sexual harassment. Suggested areas for papers to address include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>the nature of the depiction of this type of sexual violence (erotic, edifying, misogynistic\u2026 ) in paintings and drawings.<\/li><li>the gender relation in those paintings and drawings.<\/li><li>The ideological function of the setting which may naturalize or instead urbanise sexual harassment as well as identify it with a social class (luxurious and lecherous, or on the contrary lower and immoral)<\/li><li>The possible identification expected from the viewer as a voyeur, the harasser or the victim.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The shared goal of these contributions will be to consider the beliefs about and perceptions of sexual harassment that have been conveyed in the long term by films, television and the arts as well as their role in passing on accepted notions about the profiles of the harasser and the victim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please submit an abstract (no longer that 250 words) and short CV to&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:armel.dubois-nayt@uvsq.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">armel.dubois-nayt@uvsq.fr<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"mailto:rejane.vallee@univ-evry.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">rejane.vallee@univ-evry.fr<\/a>&nbsp;by June 15th 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The conference will take place on 9 and 10 December 2021 in Evry and Versailles. The format will depend on sanitary conditions and might be held as a hybrid conference offering onsite and virtual sessions to accomodate all participants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Scientific committee:&nbsp;Mathilde Bombart (University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin), Susan Baddeley (University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin) , Line Cottegnies (Sorbonne University), Brigitte Gauthier (University of \u00c9vry Val d\u2019Essonne), Marie-Elisabeth Henneau (University of Li\u00e8ge), Didier Lett (Paris University), Caroline Muller (University of Rennes 2), Guillaume Peureux (University Paris Nanterre), Anne Rochebouet (University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin), Sarah Sepulchre (Catholic University of Louvain), Sylvie Steinberg (EHESS \u2013 The school for Advanced studies in the social sciences).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Organizers:&nbsp;Armel Dubois-Nayt (University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin), Louise Piguet (Sorbonne Nouvelle University, Chlo\u00e9 Tardivel (Paris University), R\u00e9jane Vall\u00e9e (University of \u00c9vry Val d\u2019Essonne).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Select bibliography:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Carol Bacchi et Jim Jose, \u00ab&nbsp;Historicising Sexual Harassment&nbsp;\u00bb,&nbsp;<em>Women\u2019s History Review<\/em>, 3.2, 1994, 263-270.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Carrie N. Baker,&nbsp;<em>The Women\u2019s Movement against Sexual Harassment<\/em>, Cambridge, CUP, 2008.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Julie Berebitsky,&nbsp;<em>Sex and the Office: a History of Gender, Power, and Desire<\/em>, New Haven : Yale University Press, 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Alain Boureau<em>, Le droit de cuissage&nbsp;: la fabrication d\u2019un mythe&nbsp;: (XIIIe-XXe si\u00e8cle)<\/em>, Paris, Albin Michel, 1995.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Mary Bularzik, \u00ab&nbsp;Sexual harassment in the workplace&nbsp;: Historical notes&nbsp;\u00bb, 12&nbsp;<em>Radical America<\/em>, 25, 28-38 , 1978.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Aubrey Dillon- Malone,&nbsp;<em>Hollywood\u2019s Second Sex: the Treatment of Women in the Film Industry, 1900-1999,&nbsp;<\/em>Jefferson, North Carolina&nbsp;: McFarland &amp; Company, Inc., Publishers, 2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Faye E. Dudden, \u201cServing Women&nbsp;: Household Service in Nineteenth Century America\u201d, 213-219 (1983).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;St\u00e9phanie Gaudillat Cautela, \u00ab&nbsp;Questions de mot. Le Viol au XVIe si\u00e8cle, un crime contre les femmes&nbsp;\u00bb, Clio HFS, 24, 2006, p. 57-74.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Annette L\u00e9vy-Willard,&nbsp;<em>Chroniques d\u2019une onde de choc= #MeToo secoue la plan\u00e8te<\/em>, Paris, \u00c9ditions de l\u2019Observatoire, 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Marie-Victoire Louis,&nbsp;<em>Le droit de cuissage : France, 1860-1930<\/em>, Paris : \u00c9ditions de l&rsquo;Atelier, 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Catharine A. MacKinnon,&nbsp;<em>Butterfly Politics<\/em>, Cambridge, Massachusetts&nbsp;: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Merlin-Kajman, La litt\u00e9rature \u00e0 l\u2019heure de #Metoo, Paris, les \u00e9ditions d\u2019Ithaque, 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Stephen J. Morewitz,&nbsp;<em>Sexual harassment &amp; social change in American society<\/em>, San Francisco &amp; London, Austin &amp; Winfield, 1996.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Ruth Roser,&nbsp;<em>The Lost Sisterhood&nbsp;: Prostitution in America, 1900-1918<\/em>, p. 152-155 (1982).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kerry Segrave,&nbsp;<em>The sexual harassment of women in the workplace, 1600 to 1993<\/em>, Jefferson, N.C. ; London : McFarland, c1994.<br><em>Id<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>Beware the Masher&nbsp;: Sexual Harassment in American Public Places<\/em>, 1880-1930, Jefferson, North Carolina&nbsp;: McFarland &amp; Company, Inc., Publishers, 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Laura W. Stein,&nbsp;<em>Sexual Harassment in America&nbsp;: a Documentary History<\/em>, Westport, Conn.&nbsp;; London&nbsp;; Greenwood Press, 1999.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Fed Strebeigh,&nbsp;<em>Equal&nbsp;: Women Reshape American Law<\/em>, New York, London, W.W. Norton, 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Julien Travers (ed.),&nbsp;<em>Les diverses po\u00e9sies de Jean Vauquelin Sieur de la Fresnaie<\/em>, Caen, F. Le Blanc-Hardel, 1870, Tome 2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211; Judith R. Walkowitz, \u00ab&nbsp;Shopping, Street Harassment, and Streetwalking in Late Victorian London&nbsp;\u00bb,&nbsp;<em>Representations<\/em>, 62, 1998, p. 1-30.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Clementine Tholas &lt;ctholas@gmail.com&gt; Ch\u00e8res coll\u00e8gues, chers coll\u00e8guesLa question sur du harc\u00e8lement sexuel et des violences sexuelles et sexistes est au [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[204,203,201,202,205],"class_list":["post-1645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cfp","tag-metoo","tag-sagef","tag-sexual-harassment","tag-siefar","tag-social-behavior"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Admin","author_link":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/author\/yanb\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Clementine Tholas &lt;ctholas@gmail.com&gt; Ch\u00e8res coll\u00e8gues, chers coll\u00e8guesLa question sur du harc\u00e8lement sexuel et des violences sexuelles et sexistes est au [&hellip;]","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1645"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1645"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1645\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1646,"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1645\/revisions\/1646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1645"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1645"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/afea.fr\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1645"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}